Rehabilitation at old age
REHABILITATION old age

Geriatric takes care of different aspect that of originates from old age.

• abnormal physical changes
• psychic
• social

Eliminating risk factors:
unproductivity - inactivity
physical atrophy, inability to move
If geriatrics meets today's requirements, people injured due to external circumstances should be taken into care on the basis of the principles of rehabilitation to be implemented and must also be taught to regain their independence.
General rehabilitation
The immobilized should be minimized as far as possible.

• immobilization
• muscular atrophy
• osteoporosis
• decubitus
• depression

If unavoidable:

• prevention of decubitus
• passive movement
• breathing exercises
• resistance exercises
• arterial exercises
• psychological therapies

Targeted rehabilitation:

• Chronic-progressive disease may be taking place in shubs
• Acute events maybe with permanent damage such as fractures
• Acute event resulting in general decrease of performance such as myocardy
• Psycho-organic syndrome

Remote aim:

• Return back to family or apartment
• Independent walking at least from chair to bed
• Reliable, controlled urinating and defecating
• Independence for the need of physical demands
• Personal Hygiene
• Independent nutrition
• Independent dressing
• Satisfactory intellectual freshness
• Fixing of space-time events

Rehabilitation medicine is important for all of this, because of the residual symptoms often neglected by clinicians.

Geriatric secondary prophylaxis:
Its point is to recognize somatic and psychic problems and timely started rehabilitation.
Priority should be:

• prevention of tumour diseases

excluding risk factors of cardio - vascular, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary processes, respiratory diseases, glaucoma, diabetes mellitus.

BASICS HEALTH CARE KNOWLEDGE
FIRST AID

Accident: sudden and damage to health. Whether layman or a specialist carries out first aid, before the final rehabilitation.
Multiple Accident: more than two have injured at the same spot at the same time.
Orientation on the spot for signs indicating the danger of life, there is no breathing movements, still gushing bleeding, neck, shoulder, gray face, paleness, white and sweating.
Severe traumatic state: complain of intense pain reports, which can be permanent or intermittent, spasmodic, pressing, radiating in any direction.
Choking, pain independent from position or at bedtime unbearable. Thirst, feeling cold, blood circulation disorders, tinnitus, visual disturbances.
Light condition: state is considered light if accurate answers are given to our questions. Small-scale and superficial wounds. Haemorrhages decay, rather than leaking going on. By touching we do not cause pain. Blood circulation and respiration is in normal conditions.
Recognizing the damaged: damaged unconscious, his breathing and cardiac functions are intact, but does not answer questions. Nose, mouth, pharynx been cleaned.

Investigation functions:
If chest deflection is seen than the injured is breathing. Pulse palpation: Artriad radial (spindle sacral artery) or carotid artery (the main artery in the middle). Unconscious victims has to be put into a stable recovery position.
Clinical death status: Breathing, circulation, or both is no, but there is hope of resuscitation.

Biological death status: There is no blood circulation, respiration. There is no hope of resuscitation, rigor mortis.

Wound care: Continuity of the skin interrupted. Injuries: open or closed.
Inventory injuries: broken skin continuity. The force of impact depends on the depth of the skin lesions measure. Closed continuity is not interrupted, but the damage to the underlying tissues and organs suffer. Bruises: cranial, sinuses located in physiological organs damaged.
Wound treatment aims to:

• bleeding dampened
• relieve pain
• prevention of infection
• do not reach into the wound

Joint injuries:
Sprain: After forces of the bones, upper joints returning to their original positions. Joint effusion, fluid - due to an accumulation in the joints swollen, discoloured, purplish patches.
Dislocation: a force of the joint bones are tensioned to move away from each other, are fixed abnormal position. Because of the joints swollen and deformed limb pain cannot move.
Bleeding scalp wound:
suspected fracture (swelling beneath the skin)
Serious damage to the brain when the wound is eliminated. Strict laying in case of unconsciousness, airway if no contraindications, side-laying. Blowing respiration, ambulance transport.

Basilar skull fracture:
Basilar skull fracture injury: nose bleeding, cerebrospinal fluid (Liqvor) spectacles (hematoma). Side skull injury: skull behind the ear bleeding ear hematoma. skull back injuries: inbound bleeding throat, nuchal hematoma, bleeding, spectacles.

Taking care:
Unconscious, lying on his back, special danger to view the invisible bleeding. Respiratory system is vital to be checked because the airways can return trickling blood, cleaning of breathing control. If unconscious, place in recovery position no contraindications. After regaining consciousness, head slightly elevated horizontally laid on loose bandage covering his bleeding nose and onto tab. We deliver ambulance.
Nasal Bone
Root nose painful, swollen, bleeding from the nose usually occurs as well. Lower jaw pain of dislocation of the left ear is damaged areas. The patient's mouth open, drooling.

Meals:
Chin, nose, sling bandage. In case of oral bleeding - bleeding inside when - prone position, forehead, chest supported. Vehicle transport by ambulance to hospital.

Burns:
Organization of snow in excess of tolerance due to burn occurs in the body part in question.
Each lesion at the whole body can become ill. First Instance: redness, pain, smoothed skin surface.
Second degree: the burning blisters that appear clear or cloudy liquid inside appears, a high risk of infection.
Third degree: ruptured blisters, grayish-yellowish wound that does not bleed, sterile cover dressing.
9% of the extent of combustion was determined rule.
Head to 9%
front torso immediate hospitalization by 18%
rear trunk 18%
2-9 5% upper limb of combustion
front leg 2-9%
Rear leg 2-9%
perineum, genitals 1%
damaged hands, palms 1%

Taking care:
No removing of burned surface, cooling, running water for 15-20 minutes. After cooling, sterile or skin grafts operation. Do not sprinkle anything into the wound, the wound or lubricated!

Caustic injury
Acids, alkalis: immediately to call an ambulance!

Carbon monoxide poisoning
Incomplete combustion products, complaints include headache, nausea, muscle-pain, unconsciousness, respiratory paralysis.
Board: Immediately clean air, a stable laying, call an ambulance!

Anaesthetic poisoning:
In children, accidental, suicide in adults. Initial drowsiness, fast and deep parted. Taking care: waking hours, help puking, laying a stable, resuscitation.

Disinfection
Neomagnol tablet
1 tablet 1-2 liters of water + 1-2% for hand washing
l water + 2-3% 1-2 tablets tangible assets disinfection
In case of infection: 1 l of water + 1% of 10 tablets

Revivification
2 persons 4 5 blowing pressure
                1 of 5 blowing pressure